These are two ways to get an output of all the available variables you have for the given node you are working on in Drupal. The last example is a preprocess function for showing all the theme functions being called on a specific $hook.

If you have Devel installed, use this to get a nicely formatted output:
{syntaxhighlighter brush:php;}<?php dsm($node) ?>{/syntaxhighlighter}

And, if you are not working with Devel module, this is the standard way to go about it:
{syntaxhighlighter brush:php;}

<?php print_r($node); ?>

{/syntaxhighlighter}

The "pre" tag will format the output so it's readable.

This one requires Devel as well. This preprocess function outputs a list of all the theme functions being called on the given $hook you are looking at it.
{syntaxhighlighter brush:php;}function themename_preprocess(&$vars, $hook) {
dsm($hook);
}{/syntaxhighlighter}